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Alessandro Guagnini or Aleksander Gwagnin (1538 in Verona – 1614 in Kraków) was a Polish writer, soldier, chronicler and historian of Italian heritage. He spend almost his entire life in Poland, became a naturalized Pole and adopted the Polish version of his name "Gwagnin".〔Annotated footnote to an edition of ''Compendium Maleficarum'' by Francesco Maria Guazzo and Montague Summers, ()〕 He also served in the Polish military in Vitebsk at the time part of the Vitebsk Voivodeship in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Gwagnin is known for publishing the Latin book ''Sarmatiae Europeae descriptio, quae Regnum Poloniae, Lituaniam, Samogitiam, Russiam, Masoviam, Prussiam, Pomeraniam... complectitur'', usually translated as ''"A Description of Sarmatian Europe"'' (printed in Kraków, 1578), which contained descriptions of the countries of Eastern Europe (history, geography, religion, traditions, etc.). Maciej Stryjkowski, who was his subordinate, alleged that Guagnini stole a manuscript of the ''Chronicle of Poland, Lithuania, Samogitia and all of Ruthenia'' from him and was not the author of the book. Stryjkowski protested before the Polish king and his claims were recognized in 1580, but the book continued to be printed under Guagnini's name and was even translated into Polish.〔(Oleg Łatyszonek, "From White Russia to Belarus" ) ''Annus Albaruthenicus'', no. 5, 2004〕 An expanded edition appeared in 1611. The chronicle included portraits of Lithuanian dukes for the first time. Despite the images being purely fictional and having nothing to do with actual dukes, anachronistic clothes and weapons, and that some of the images illustrated multiple people, the portraits highly influenced future depictions of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania. To this day they remain the most popular portraits used in many history books.〔For example, (Gimtoji istorija. Nuo 7 iki 12 klasės )〕 Copies of the book are preserved, among other places, in the Vilnius University Library and in the Francis Skaryna Belarusian Library and Museum in London.〔(Francysk Skaryna Museum in London )〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Alexander Guagnini」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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